Tuesday, November 26, 2019
Print and Distribute Your Book with Blurb and Reedsy
Print and Distribute Your Book with Blurb and Reedsy Print and Distribute Your Book with Blurb and Reedsy At Reedsy HQ this week, we’re taking a big step towards our goal of making it easier for authors to get their books into the hands of readers. With the announcement of our partnership with Blurb, you now have the option to seamlessly print and distribute the books you produce with the Reedsy Book Editor.As the world’s first platform for creating, printing and publishing independent books, Blurb has been a publishing trailblazer since 2006, helping self-publishing authors produce over 2 million books. With the addition of Reedsy, it’s now simpler and more cost-effective than ever to create bookstore-quality books with Blurb. If your project relies heavily on photos or illustrations, or if your printed book needs to look exactly as you intend, then Blurb is something you really need to check out.There are four basic steps to getting your Reedsy project printed and distributed by Blurb. It’s a simple, intuitive process, but it can’t hurt to be thorough . So, here we go!1. Prepare your print-ready PDFAs with all modern printing processes, your first step will always involve preparing a PDF of your book. But not just any PDF: you one that’s formatted expressly for printing. Among other things, a print-ready PDF will ensure that your colors are reproduced exactly as you intend them to be seen. If your illustrated story has a character called â€Å"The Purple Princess,†you don’t want her dress to be blue in the final printed edition.To get your book ready to print, you can either use the Reedsy Book Editor (our free formatting tool) or work with one of our professional book layout designers to prepare your Blurb-ready PDF. For more complicated visual books, we would certainly advise the latter option: just tell your designer you’re printing with Blurb and they will format your book to fit their standards.
Saturday, November 23, 2019
How To Measure Mass Using a Balance
How To Measure Mass Using a Balance Mass measurements in chemistry and other sciences are performed using a balance. There are different types of scales and balances, but two methods can be used on most instruments to measure mass: subtraction and taring. Key Takeaways: Measure Mass Using a Balance A balance or scale is an instrument used to measure mass in the science laboratory.One common method of measuring mass is to tare the scale and measure the mass directly. For example, this is how people weigh themselves.The other common method is to place a sample into a container and measure the mass of the container plus sample. The mass of the sample is obtained by subtracting the mass of the container. Proper Use of a Balance Before using a balance, its important to take some preliminary steps. This will help ensure you get the most accurate and precise measurement. Be sure you understand how to use a balance before taking mass measurements.The balance should be clean and free of debris.The balance should be on a level surface.Never place a sample directly on the balance. You should use a weighted boat, weighing sheet, or another container to hold the sample. Some chemicals you may use in a lab could corrode or otherwise damage the surface of the weighing pan. Also, make certain your container will not chemically react with your sample.If the balance has doors, be certain to close them before taking a measurement. Air movement impacts the accuracy of mass measurements. If the balance does not have doors, make certain the area if free of drafts and vibrations before measuring mass. Mass by Difference or Subtraction If you place a container full of sample and weigh it, youre getting the mass of both the sample and the container, not just the sample. To find the mass: mass of sample mass of sample/container - mass of container Zero the scale or press the tare button. The balance should read 0.Measure the mass of the sample and container.Dispense the sample into your solution.Measure the mass of the container. Record the measurement using the correct number of significant figures. How many this is will depend on the particular instrument.If you repeat the process and use the same container, do not assume its mass is the same! This is particularly important when you are measuring small masses or are working in a humid environment or with a hygroscopic sample. Mass by Taring When you use the tare function on a scale, you are making certain the reading starts from zero. Usually, there is a labeled button or knob to tare the balance. With some instruments, you need to manually adjust the reading to zero. Electronic devices do this automatically, but require periodic calibration. Zero the scale or press the tare button. The scale reading should be 0.Place the weighing boat or dish on the scale. There is no need to record this value.Press the tare button on the scale. The balance reading should be 0.Add the sample to the container. The value given is the mass of your sample. Record it using the proper number of significant figures. Sources of Error Whenever you take a mass measurement, there are several potential sources of error: Air gusts may push the mass up or down.Buoyancy can affect measurements. Buoyancy is directly proportional to the air volume that is displaced and is affected by air density changes due to temperature and pressure fluctuations.Condensation of water on cold items may increase apparent mass.Dust accumulation can add to mass.Evaporation of water from damp items may change mass measurements over time.Magnetic fields may affect components of the scale.Temperature changes can cause components of the balance to expand or contract, so a measurement taken on a hot day may differ from one taken on a cold day.Vibration may make it difficult to obtain a value, as it will fluctuate. Is It Mass or Weight? Remember, a balance gives you a mass value. The mass would be the same whether you measured it on the Earth or on the Moon. On the other hand, the weight would be different on the Moon. While its common to use the terms mass and weight interchangeably, they are only the same values on Earth! Sources Hodgeman, Charles, Ed. (1961). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 44th Ed. Cleveland, USA: Chemical Rubber Publishing Co. pp. 3480–3485.Rossi, Cesare; Russo, Flavio; Russo, Ferruccio (2009). Ancient Engineers Inventions: Precursors of the Present. History of Mechanism and Machine Science. ISBN 978-9048122523.
Thursday, November 21, 2019
Global MBA Operations Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Global MBA Operations Management - Essay Example (Hammer). The obvious reason for such failure has often been cited as the lack of developing operating performance metrices and other systems and procedures which can ensure the consistent and reliable operational performance of the firms. It is also because of this reason that it is now considered that the modern organisations need to concentrate more on the operational performance of the firms in order to remain more competitive as well as flexible in nature so that they can easily withstand the external shocks. In order to achieve the efficiency in the operational performance, firms need to concentrate on different functions of organisation like marketing, customer services, manufacturing etc. This will allow them to re-engineer the processes properly and achieve the desired level of efficiency in their operations. However, improvements in the operational performance largely depend upon the development of an effective operating performance measurement system therefore any initiative to bring in a culutre of performance improvement would largely depend upon how successfully an organisation set up its performance measurement system. This paper will attempt to discuss the development of performance measurement system by taking into account the nature of the ... From its very nature, the activities of the firm are diverse in nature therefore it requires the management of different internal and external players in different contexts each time we deal with them. It is also important to discuss here that we face a different and complex challenge in terms of managing different aspects of our operations into a completely new and radical way in order to ensure consistency in our operations. However, in order to face the competition effectively and to become more resilient and flexible, we need to implement operational performance standards which match that of the international quality standards such as ISO 9001:2000. This would also require us to improve different aspects such as resource management, business development, and client delivery etc. We also need to manage subcontractors therefore it becomes more complicated when it comes to managing the performance of the firms, working for your organization to ensure compliance with the already set standards of the firm. Performance Management & Measurement It is often argued that the use of automation and information technology to boost the results and operational performance of the firms has not yet yielded the results which were expected. (Hammer). It is therefore believed that the firms do not only need to automate but also take into account the softer side of the operational performance in order to achieve the desired results. One of the basic problems behind the failure of the organizations to effectively measure the operational performance is the fact that the existing systems tend to measure the performance of personnel rather than processes thus ignoring various aspects of performance management. (Hammer, The 7 deadly sins of performance
Tuesday, November 19, 2019
Information about the wine region of bordeaux Essay
Information about the wine region of bordeaux - Essay Example This made Aquitaine property of England and gave rise to export of the wine to England for the pleasure of King Henry. This brought about the discovery of Bordeaux in Britain making the marriage a significant event to the history of the region as trade increased (â€Å"Bordeaux Wine History†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Generally, Bordeaux refers to three things a French city where its name loosely translates to ‘edge of water’ and had a population of about 250,000 in 2008, a region estimated to be 1075 square kilometers and a class of wines. The vineyards within the area extend over 113,000 hectares of land. Wine production in the area was begun for consumption by the Roman soldiers that were posted at the banks of the Garonne River. There are two major group varieties of Bordeaux red and white where the red wine group includes Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and Malbec. The white wine group comprises Muscadelle, Sauvignon Blanc, and Semillon, where the first two are produced from the white Graves’ grapes. For the red category, Sauvignon Cabernet produced using the grapes of the Medoc or Graves and Merlot from the St Emilion. Whilst living in France between 1784 and 1789, Thomas Jefferson then Minister to France, went around Bordeaux collecting wines that included Medoc, Graves and Sauternes (Swaney and Limburg). The Bordeaux wines came into existence at a period when there were more well-known wines from Gaillac and Bergerac, eastern of Bordeaux. The local winemakers and merchants of the Bordeaux wine region made sure their wines on board of the ships headed to England before allowing those from the South West region that is Bergerac and Gaillac through. Another significant attribute of wine production in Bordeaux is that it was brought about by merchants, contrary to other regions in France where it was under the control of monks. Wines from areas such as Medoc were produced from the 17th century, as before that such
Sunday, November 17, 2019
PHP vs. ASP Scripting Software Research Paper Essay Example for Free
PHP vs. ASP Scripting Software Research Paper Essay ABSTRACT This paper examines the differences between the ASP (Active Server Pages) and PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) scripting languages. Both ASP and PHP are scripting languages that can be used to create dynamic web pages which are capable of interacting and exchanging information with databases. ASP is a Microsoft product, and is used with Internet Information Server (IIS) which runs on Microsoft Servers. PHP was originally designed by Rasmus Lerdorf, and was later modified by various people. As a parsing language, PHP can run both on Unix and Linux servers, and also has a version that runs on an NT server. This paper also discusses the differences in cost, speed, integration of features, speed, additional costs, base language, database connectivity and Platform Compatibility between both languages. This paper also presents some suggestions offer recommendations as to when one of these languages should be preferred over the other, and how efficiency can be maximized in the usage of each of these scripting languages Introduction             ASP and PHP are both website design scripting languages that are processed by backend severs like Apache Server and Windows OS. Apache Server is usually used for PHP and a Windows OS with IIS Server is used to process ASP scripted websites. PHP processed website scripts can also be processed by UNIX OS backend servers, while Window OS IIS backend servers are used to process ASP scripts. ASP.NET is part of the .NET Framework and is the core technology for developing web applications and XML Web Services. ASP.NET is a compiled, .NET-based environment; you can author applications in any .NET compatible language, including Visual Basic .NET, C#, and JScript .NET. Additionally, the entire .NET Framework is available to any ASP.NET application. Developers can easily access the benefits of these technologies, which include the managed common language runtime environment, type safety, inheritance, and so on. .NET developers write Web Parts using Visual Studio.NET 2003. The Web Part Framework is the basis for extensibility in Windows SharePoint Services. It allows developers to write custom components that plug into the SharePoint infrastructure by encapsulating web services and enterprise data as Web Parts. Web Part Pages are special ASP.NET pages which are the building blocks of a Windows SharePoint Services based data driven web site. Web page authors can use Microsoft FrontPage 2003 to leverage Windows SharePoint Services and use the Web Part Framework to easily build data driven web sites using a library of readily available web parts. Microsoft FrontPage 2003 integrates closely with Windows SharePoint Services and is the easiest and the most powerful web site design tool that enables creation of a new category of collaborative, scalable, data driven web sites. (http://www.sharepointcustomization.com/resources/whitepapers/webpartdocs/wp_asp_net.doc)            PHP and ASP are the two best web technologies in use today. In their own ways, they have created trust and market for their product and development environment, although many people are of the opinion that PHP is an all around better choice than ASP.            According to Anstey, â€Å"PHP belongs to a free software community and open source general purpose software which is very easy to use and correct its bugs from the community of developers around the world.†(Anstey 2003). ASP runs on an IIS server and is a free component with the Microsoft windows operating system. ASP offers various useful features like type safety, inheritance, and a managed common language runtime environment.            In a broad sense, PHP is scripting Language, while ASP.NET is a Designing Tool. Also, PHP contains mainly scripting tabs, with a minimum number of controls being used, while ASP.Net has a lot of controls to the designing process.           ASP.NET is a unified Web development platform that provides services necessary for developers to build enterprise-class Web applications. ASP.NET provides programming model and infrastructure for more secure, scalable, and stable applications. ASP.NET is a compiled, .NET based web environment developed in .NET compatible languages like Visual Basic .NET, C#, JScript.NET, etc. Additionally, the entire .NET Framework is available to any ASP.NET application. Developers can easily access the benefits of this technology, which includes the managed common language runtime environment, type safety, and inheritance.             From many views and perspectives, PHP is an overall better choice than ASP. Although both ASP and PHP are languages used to build Dynamic Web sites that can interact with Databases and exchange information. ASP (Active Server Pages) is from Microsoft and is used with IIS (Internet Information Server) that runs on Microsoft Servers. PHP (PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) is from Rasmus Lerdorf, who originally designed this parsing language which was later modified by different people. It runs on Unix and Linux servers and it also has an NT server version. (Pires, Halstatt 2005. ASP vs. PHP. Retrieved 18, February 2008 from http://www.webpronews.com/expertarticles/2005/12/22/asp-vs-php)            The foundation of all Web applications is that they deliver dynamic content over a protocol which by model is stateless. Most of the ASP.NET developments fall in client-server architecture programming model. Minimal points to be considered for a typical web application modeled as client-server architecture are given below. User interface and client environment (Page layout). Data verification, transfer and store. Security. Scalability, reliability and availability of the application. Optimized resource utilization and performance. Handling unpleasant instances gracefully. Navigation.            PHP traces back to the development of Perl and C which emerged quite successfully as a result of the contribution of the various programmers around the globe and as a result of its being an open community. The various versions came out successfully through 1997 to 2004 where the features were added and successfully taken up to cater to the development paradigm of the large scale of internet users.            ASP came handy with Windows 95 with the features of IIS server installed. It was an established standard which takes into account the various databases into consideration and is based on the COM model. The various differences among PHP and ASP make sure that all to a good extent the feature are compiled and carries enough advantage to understand the loopholes and make sure that all the various utilities are enforced well. Differences between PHP and ASP            PHP and ASP depict a large array of differences in the form of various factors. Some differences between ASP and PHP include differences in cost, speed, integration of features, speed, additional costs, base language, database connectivity and Platform Compatibility. Cost             As PHP is not singly owned by any individual or an organization, it does not require purchase before use. â€Å"PHP uses a database technology named MySQL for back-end support. MySQL is also available free of cost.†(DuBois, 2002). The hosting and deployment of PHP webpages into the Linux server is quite affordable and can be done with ease.             â€Å"ASP is synchronized with the Microsoft Windows operating system and comes along with it, thereby bearing the cost of the operating system.†(Glass 2004) Moreover, hosting ASP pages over the internet is expensive and features like email, file uploading and other features are quite expensive at the same time. PHP is free, but ASP is not free. If you want to use ASP, you have to use IIS, and if you want to use IIS, you have to buy Windows. Traditionally, the cost of Windows has been high. Microsoft has been aggressively trying to reduce this factor but theyre hardly going to give Windows away for free. The cost of running an ASP-based website implies a full Windows server platform; development costs are higher, software licenses are expensive and speed, security and flexibility are all sacrificed. (Anstey, M 2003)             To run ASP programs, one needs IIS installed on a Windows platform server, which is not free. PHP programs can run on Linux, which is free. Even the connectivity of the database is expensive in the case of ASP as MS-SQL is a Microsoft product that needs to be purchased. PHP generally uses MySQL, which is freely available.            Many of the tools used in PHP are free of charge and a lot of PHP code can be found in open source forums, because PHP is open source. â€Å"PHP also has inbuilt features like ftp, email from a web page and even encryption mechanisms but such features are not built into ASP, which requires some additional components. Therefore additional costs might be incurred for such components.†(Pires, Halstatt 2005. ASP vs. PHP. Retrieved 18, February 2008 from http://www.webpronews.com/expertarticles/2005/12/22/asp-vs-php) Speed            In terms of speed, PHP is faster than ASP, because when the speed of PHP and ASP are compared, PHP would have the upper hand. â€Å"This is due to the fact that PHP code runs faster than ASP. Also, ASP is built on COM based architecture, which is an overhead for the server, whereas PHP code runs in its own memory space.†(Pires, Halstatt 2005. ASP vs. PHP. Retrieved 18, February 2008 from http://www.webpronews.com/expertarticles/2005/12/22/asp-vs-php) Integration with operating environments and databases             PHP makes sure that all the operating environments are taken care to its fullest capability and is compatible with Windows, UNIX, Linux, Solaris and others. Its platform dependency format makes sure that all the various compatibility with operating environments makes it quite viable in nature. PHP integrates with the databases like MySQL and others in a great fashion. â€Å"ASP on the other hand is compatible with Windows only and makes sure that Microsoft oriented databases like MSSQL server would be well integrated with it. For other database platforms it requires to download various libraries and components for integration and workability.†(Hull, 2002) Performance             PHP is an interpreted language and make sure that the interpreted nature makes it fast for getting the customization done. The memory requirement of the PHP pages is quite optimizable and runs very fast with the greater understanding of the various features. Database connections of PHP are also quite flexible and make sure that all the various database functionality like stability, transactions, replication, triggers and stored procedures are handled quite well (Merrall, 2000).             ASP on the other hand is a compiled language and the software glitches are quite often not corrected or take a long time to get it done. The compiled nature makes sure that all the various factors like throughput and response time is quite low for the hosted pages. Its exclusivity with Microsoft windows operating system makes it platform independent with regard to various hosting and access problems. PHP offers the best integration of speed and performance, and ensures that all the various promises are met for catering to the web development. ASP is most suitable with the Microsoft platform and makes sure that all the features are captured and managed for the various services. (Zhang, 1999). Base Language           ASP has a type of syntax that resembles Visual Basic, and is closely related to Microsoft products. In contrast, PHP is based on the C++ language, and the syntax used for PHP looks a lot like C/C++ programming syntax. â€Å"C/C++ is still considered the best programming language by many programmers and people who love this language would surely feel more comfortable with the syntax of PHP.†(Pires, Halstatt 2005. ASP vs. PHP. Retrieved 18, February 2008 from http://www.webpronews.com/expertarticles/2005/12/22/asp-vs-php) Enhanced capabilities and compatibility               These include file transfer programs and utilities, compression of data, uploading of files, integration of XML an MD5, encryption techniques and email facilities are not included in ASP, even if it does it requires the support of large third party packages installed, which are very easily integrated in PHP. PHP.net (2008) mentions that complex functions like dynamic images, IMAP, SNMP, dynamic flash, PDF, native access to Oracle, Ovrimos, Postgre, Sybase, mSql, MSSQL, Ingres, Interbase and Informix databases, LDAP, and sockets and many others are easily integrated with PHP, â€Å"however it would create a big problem with its integration with ASP. PHP is compatible with various web servers for its functioning however ASP requires it to be easily integrated with only IIS and PWS†as explained by Pires (2005).            PHP programs can run on various platforms like Linux, Unix, Windows and Solaris whereas ASP is mainly associated with Windows platforms. However, ASP can run on a Linux platform with ASP-Apache installed on the server. PHP is based on C++ language and the syntax used in PHP is quite similar to C/C++. C/C++ is still considered the best programming language by many programmers and people who love this language would surely feel more comfortable with the syntax of PHP. ASP on the other hand has a more Visual Basic kind of syntax that again is closely related to only Microsoft products. So, it depends on the individual, and which language he or she is comfortable with.           For Database connectivity, PHP is being extremely flexible, and can connect to various databases, the most popular being MySQL. ASP mainly uses MS-SQL for databases. Conclusion             Although both ASP and PHP are good web server end languages for web development, there are some differences between them that should be considered to ensure that factors like cost, installation, performance, and compatibility issues are economized to the full extent. Both languages have advantages specific to various users. Some would argue that both languages have their own importance, and usage of either ASP or PHP depends on the users requirements, the language and the platform in use. â€Å"If a user is looking for some e-commerce application development then ASP is probably the ideal choice. This does not mean that PHP cannot provide e-commerce solutions, but a lot of people tend to choose ASP in such instances.†(Pires, Halstatt 2005). If we talk about developing a discussion board then ASP is equally capable but some people feel that the best discussion boards are developed using PHP.             While PHP offers the best integration of speed and performance, and ensures that most web development requirements are met, ASP is most suitable with the Microsoft platform, and enables features to be captured and managed for various services. References Anstey, Marty (2003). PHP vs ASP. Retrieved 19, February 2008 from             http://marty.anstey.ca/programming/php/articles/ An Architectural Introduction to Web Parts and ASP.NET A Microsoft ® Office FrontPage ®           2003 White Paper. (Retreived from    http://www.sharepointcustomization.com/resources/whitepapers/webpartdocs/wp_asp_net.doc Argence d Ricardo (2008). Web Hosting, PHP vs AS.P. Retrieved 18, February 2008 from            http://articles.topofhosting.com/web-hosting-php-asp.php DuBois, Paul (2002). MySQL Cookbook. OReilly, October 2002. Glass, Michael (2004). Beginning PHP, Apache, Hull, Sean (2002). PHP vs. ASP.NET Redux. Retrieved 18, February 2008 from           http://www.oracle.com/technology/pub/columns/hull_php2.html Merrall, Graeme (2000). PHP/MySQL Tutorial MySQL ® Web Development. Wiley Publicizing sons. ISBN: 0-7645-5744-0. PHP.net (2008). See: http://www.php.net/manual/en Pires, Halstatt (2005). ASP vs. PHP. Retrieved 18, February 2008 from           http://www.webpronews.com/expertarticles/2005/12/22/asp-vs-php Zhang, Ying (1999). Web Database Step-by-Step Guide.
Thursday, November 14, 2019
Uplifting Black Souls: the African American Jeremiad :: Free Essays Online
Uplifting Black Souls: the African American Jeremiad Mission Statement A black jeremiad is a writing or a speech that constantly emphasizes the need for and methods to achieve social change. David Howard Pitney in his book The Afro-American Jeremiad, rightly suggests what the components of a jeremiad are: "1) citing the promise, 2) criticism of present declension or retrogression from the promise, 3) resolving prophecy that society will shortly complete it's mission and redeem the promise"(Howard-Pitney 8). The authors we have chosen have written prominent jeremiads, and we will show why they can be considered jeremiads; why they were important when they were written; and why they are still important today. History David Walker (act.1828-1829), Frederick Douglass (act. 1852-1880), Booker T. Washington (act. 1895-1915); and W.E.B. DuBois (act. 1895-1968) are some of the most important African-American jeremiads in our history. Black jeremiads stem from the Jeffersonian idea of "natural and divine law." This law emphasizes the right to freedom as well as liberty. The American jeremiad originated amongst 17th century Puritans who believed that their destiny was to form a utopian society in the Americas. By the 19th century, black jeremiads had adopted these Puritan ideals and used them to incite the need for the abolition of slavery and to serve as a warning of the punishment that would await those who continued with the sins of slavery. The writings and speeches of these jeremiads was used to uplift and unify their race and to promote blacks to take action in order to achieve equality but not self-separation from the rest of American society. This idea of unification without self-separation, illustrates the idea of black nationalism with established the rhetoric for jeremiads. On David Walker One of the most persuasive African American writers of antebellum America, was able to shake the American society with his pamphlet: Appeal to The Colored People of the United States. Walker, A free Negro born in Wilmington, North Carolina in 1796, although enjoyed a little more "freedom" than the rest of his colored brethren in bondage took on the role of a Jeremiadic speaker and writer to his people. In Walker's Appeal, Walker followed a method used by a Free black man in 1788 using the pseudonym of "Othello" in a two-part essay responding to Jefferson's Notes on the State of Virginia , called Essay on Negro Slavery. Following "Othello's" Jeremiadic essay, Walker had a warning for white Christian America about the wrathful vengeance of God that would befall upon them because of the institution of slavery.
Tuesday, November 12, 2019
Rolls Royce
Executive Summary Purpose Set a management plan that can make Rolls Royce become more competitive and effective under the global economy background Scope Management and the four new plans of Roll- Royce Company Main points discussed †¢ Organization structure ? The traditional hierarchical structure: advantages & disadvantages ? Suggestion: make a new structure & strength †¢ Organization culture ? Analysis values, norms and artefacts & examples ? Suggestions in changing organization culture †¢ Change management 1. Likely reasons for resistance to change Uncertainty and insecurity to change ? Threat to status and skill 2. Likely reasons for resistance to change ? Motivate all levels of employees ? Strengthen the education and communication †¢ Other relevant factors ? Financial report and budgetary control is essential for the plans ? Managing marketing is also very import to get the global marketing Conclusions Rolls-Royce could get huge of profits if they change th e organization and management which we suggest under the current situation. Recommendations Mission: design a change management planObjective: To design a plan in term of analyzing current organization structure, culture in light of the recent changes in the global economy. Introduction Background: In 1904, Charles Rolls and F. Henry Royce decided to create a company in England together which the name called â€Å"Rolls Royce†. The company was mainly producing engines and luxury cars. In 1906, they produced Silver Ghost and then, they became the best car company. During the First World War, Rolls Royce produced a new aero-engine that supplied important power to allies.Therefore, they became a successful airplane company. (T. A. Heppenheimer, 2008) Recently, Rolls Royce announced to invest ? 300m to open 4 factories about nuclear power and aero-technology and It may also create 800 jobs. (Guardian, 28 July, 2009) Purpose of report: The purpose of this report will introduce a m anagement plan which includes organization structure, organization culture, changing management and other relevant factors to ensure Rolls Royce become more effective and successful, especially under the recent changes in global economy. Organization structure Current structure:Organization structure is the way in which it divides its labor into distinct tasks and then achieves coordination among them. (David Boddy, 4th, P319) †¢ Rolls-Royce uses a hierarchical structure to manage the company. †¢ It belongs to a pyramidal structure and there are a lot of layers between the top and the bottom in the company. †¢ Each division has managers for supervision and the staff in each division needs to follow the manager’s decision. †¢ Advantage of hierarchical organization is that employees know their objectives clearly in their job task and carry out efficiently.Furthermore, every staff specialize their job. Suggestions for changing in structure: In order to adapt to the global markets as well as maintaining the existing strengths, managers constantly need to find a variety of creative ways to build and arrange the work of the organization, and try to take actions in response to the demands of customers, employees and other stakeholders. Finally, managers are determined to create a leaner and more agile support structure. (Times online, 11 Jan 2008) It is the matrix structure that is highly fluid and flexible.Without the division of functions and rigid hierarchy, decision-making and action-taking slowly are avoided. Organization Culture Current culture: General speaking, organizational culture is the personality of the organization and it is divided into the value, norm and artefact. (Carter Mc, 2000) †¢ David L. Goetsch and Stanley B. Davis points at that value are explained as what the organization thinks is important. (David and Stanley. 2003, P. 153) †¢ The second one is norms which is a kind of intangible behavior and informal way to guide people how to do. (David, B. 2008) Suggestions for changing in culture: We think that Rolls-Royce need to change a minority of organization culture although its culture is good in terms of many evidences from many resources. Rolls-Royce should pay more attention to other sections because the majority of revenue is from service and many sections have not get high revenue, such as energy, marine, defence and civil. (Rolls Royce: The half-year report 2009 presentation, 2009) Change management Likely reasons for resistance to change: †¢ Uncertainty and insecurity to change ? It will cause the resistance if the change threats the personal status. Prentice Hall, 2002) With the change progressing, some of the employees will be promoted; however, part of the position of employees will be reduced. Obviously, this part of staffs is more likely to resist change. ? For skills, the organizational change often accompanies the change of skills. Such as nuclear technique, for inst ance, nuclear technique is new skills to English people, so people have to learn more skills to adapt the work, which will also cause the resistance. Likely precautions taken to run change smoothly: †¢ Motivate all levels of employees †¢ Strengthen the education and communicationThe best method to remove the sense of uncertainty of staffs is to educate and communicate with them frequently. (John P. Kotter and Leonard A. Schlesinger, 1979) Ensuring staffs get all of the information about change and inspiring their confidence to the future is the premise for staffs to accept the change. Administrator should let the staffs realize the necessity of the change and provide all of the information as much as possible. Once the staffs realize the progress of change and likely consequences, they will often help with the implementation of the change and will become the suppliers of the change but not the resisters.Other relevant factors †¢ Financial report and budgetary control Rolls-Royce announces ? 300m for UK factory plan, so it is a huge plan of the capital. In addition, government contributing ? 45m, it means that this plan integrate with government and Rolls-Royce company. However, the relationship with government is very important. Therefore, the financial report and budgetary control are essential. Because it is fundamentally important to understand the financial environment in which organizations operate. (Boddy, D. 2008) Rolls-Royce is planning to achieve ? 55. 5bn order book by the four plans over the next five or six years.Obviously, managers need budget every year for the next years’ plan for the company and government. After that, Rolls-Royce could make decision for next step to achieve objective and even overreach the objective. †¢ Managing marketing The plans are about aerospace technologies and new nuclear power stations. These both belong to external point technology. It could develop the global marketing if these plans succe ssful. Because the plans include research program about cutting CO? emissions from aircraft and improve fuel efficiency. It is good for current situation that global warming and in short of fuel supply.Therefore, we will put the plans on the global marketing. Conclusion Rolls-Royce is a top company in the world which is built in 1904. Nowadays, the company has 4 new plans about aero-technology and nuclear power in UK. We discuss the Rolls-Royce’s organization structure & culture, change management, and other factors to analysis the company how to get the highest profits. Although it is one of the successful companies in the world, it still has some disadvantages in their organization and management. So, our view of the opinion is changing some organization and management which we suggest that Rolls-Royce could get huger of profits.Recommendations †¢ Rolls-Royce should change a more flexible structure that is the matrix structure. †¢ The company should pay more atten tion to other sections except service. (Rolls Royce: The half-year report 2009 presentation, 2009) †¢ Rolls Royce could deliver unemployed people to new plants in order to minimum the quantity of cutting employees and providing unemployment compensation to unemployed people. (Guardian, 28 July, 2009) †¢ People will be more willing to accept and implement the change if people are able to take part in planning a change. Administrator should let the staffs realize the necessity of the change and provide all of the information as much as possible. †¢ The company should change a more flexible structure that is the matrix structure. Appendices †¢ The performance of Rolls Royce is still positive in half 2009, such as in the aspects of order book, revenue, underlying profits, average net cash and payments to shareholders. [pic] †¢ Rolls Royce’s customer service is outstanding because Rolls-Royce has exactly aims of service. (Service of Rolls Royce. 2009) â₠¬ ¢ Background of change managementIt will cause the resistance when there are conflicts between organizational change and personal habits and value. Personal habit and value is formed by long-term accumulation, which is relatively difficult to change. Once the organizational change impacts personal habit and value, there would be the cause resistance of change. †¢ The â€Å"human side†of Change management Any major changes will have the problem of people. The new managers will be promoted; jobs will be change, staffs need to learn new skills and improve capabilities. If the manager acts against each other, the morale of staff and the ultimate effect will be affected. Evaluate the culture of company With Successful enterprise change management from top to bottom, it will gradually enhance the implementation of the speed and strength. Therefore, it is very important for leaders of every level to understand and lead corporate culture. Enterprises always make mistakes that assessment the culture of enterprise too late or never. A thorough assessment of corporate culture can help to evaluate whether the changes for the upcoming fully prepared to identify the main issues and clear internal conflicts. References Alan, J. 2008. The independent: Top UK firms announce hundreds of job cuts.Available at: Boddy, D. (2008) Management: An introduction, Essex: Pearson Carter McNamara, MBA, PhD. Published by Authenticity Consulting, LLC, 2000. . Copyright 1997-2008. Available at: David, G and Stanley, B. 2003. Quality Management: Introduction to Total Quality Management for Production, Processing, and services. Boston P. 153 Earth Times. 2009. Rolls-Royce shines with increased 2008 profit amid gloom. Available at: Falkirk Council. 2004. Available at: Graeme. W, Guardian, 28 July, 2009. Rolls-Royce announces ? 300m UK factory plan, Available at: Rolls Royce: Engaging employee. 2009.Available at: Rolls Royce: services. 2009. Available at: Stephen P. Robbins, Manage ment 9th Edition, P263. Rolls-Royce, management Available at: T. A. Heppenheimer, 2008, Rolls-Royce and Its Aircraft Engines, available at : Times Online 2009. Brown in charge of a dysfunctional Government, says top donor, Available at: TimesOnline. 2009. Rolls-Royce to cut 2,300 white-collar jobs. Available at: The half-year report 2009 presentation and appendices. Available at: John P. Kotter and Leonard A. Schlesinger, 1979, Adapted reprinted by permission of Harvard Business Review, Six Method for Dealing with Change.
Sunday, November 10, 2019
I Have a Dream
First Body Paragraph: Although Dry. Kings speech incorporated all sorts of arguments including equality, empowerment and freedom, Longboats Hughes' poem focuses more on black empowerment. Acknowledging that Negroes were once Kings and Queens in Africa then reminding us that they were also enslaved to build the great pyramids. Hughes creates a relationship through the movement of African Americans throughout history. Specifically examining the incredible contributions African Americans have made not Just to the united States but to the world.Second Body Paragraph: While Longboats Hughes argued for empowerment and enrichment of culture and people, Dry. King demanded equality, freedom and respect. Dry. King refused to stand by and watch his people continue to be mistreated, unfairly Judged, disrespected and overlooked. He not only wrote a compelling argument but he delivered It on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. The same Abraham Lincoln that Hughes refers to in his poem. â€Å"l hea rd the singing of Mississippi when Abe Lincoln went down to New Orleans, and Eve seen its muddy blossom turn all gold in the sunset.Third Body Paragraph: Both of these incredibly successful Scholars helped to bring an end to the civil rights movement, passing new constitutional amendments. What I find so surprising is how they both made such an incredible impact with melodic forms of poetry according to the New York Times article written by: Machismo Skating â€Å"Dry. King pushed the text of his remarks to the side and began an extraordinary improvisation on the dream theme that would become one of the most recognizable refrains in the world. †Fourth Body Paragraph:With his Improvised riff, Dry. King took a leap Into history, Jumping from prose to poetry, from the podium to the pulpit. HIS voice arced Into an emotional crescendo as he turned from a sobering assessment of current social injustices to a radiant vision of hope -? of what America could be. Dry. King pushed the text of his remarks to the side and began an extraordinary improvisation on the dream theme that would become one of the most recognizable refrains in the world. †http://www. Anytime. Com/ 2013/08/28/us/the-lasting-power-of-dry-kings-dream-speech. HTML? I Have a Dream First Body Paragraph: Although Dry. Kings speech incorporated all sorts of arguments including equality, empowerment and freedom, Longboats Hughes' poem focuses more on black empowerment. Acknowledging that Negroes were once Kings and Queens in Africa then reminding us that they were also enslaved to build the great pyramids. Hughes creates a relationship through the movement of African Americans throughout history. Specifically examining the incredible contributions African Americans have made not Just to the united States but to the world.Second Body Paragraph: While Longboats Hughes argued for empowerment and enrichment of culture and people, Dry. King demanded equality, freedom and respect. Dry. King refused to stand by and watch his people continue to be mistreated, unfairly Judged, disrespected and overlooked. He not only wrote a compelling argument but he delivered It on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. The same Abraham Lincoln that Hughes refers to in his poem. â€Å"l hea rd the singing of Mississippi when Abe Lincoln went down to New Orleans, and Eve seen its muddy blossom turn all gold in the sunset.Third Body Paragraph: Both of these incredibly successful Scholars helped to bring an end to the civil rights movement, passing new constitutional amendments. What I find so surprising is how they both made such an incredible impact with melodic forms of poetry according to the New York Times article written by: Machismo Skating â€Å"Dry. King pushed the text of his remarks to the side and began an extraordinary improvisation on the dream theme that would become one of the most recognizable refrains in the world. †Fourth Body Paragraph:With his Improvised riff, Dry. King took a leap Into history, Jumping from prose to poetry, from the podium to the pulpit. HIS voice arced Into an emotional crescendo as he turned from a sobering assessment of current social injustices to a radiant vision of hope -? of what America could be. Dry. King pushed the text of his remarks to the side and began an extraordinary improvisation on the dream theme that would become one of the most recognizable refrains in the world. †http://www. Anytime. Com/ 2013/08/28/us/the-lasting-power-of-dry-kings-dream-speech. HTML? I Have a Dream First Body Paragraph: Although Dry. Kings speech incorporated all sorts of arguments including equality, empowerment and freedom, Longboats Hughes' poem focuses more on black empowerment. Acknowledging that Negroes were once Kings and Queens in Africa then reminding us that they were also enslaved to build the great pyramids. Hughes creates a relationship through the movement of African Americans throughout history. Specifically examining the incredible contributions African Americans have made not Just to the united States but to the world.Second Body Paragraph: While Longboats Hughes argued for empowerment and enrichment of culture and people, Dry. King demanded equality, freedom and respect. Dry. King refused to stand by and watch his people continue to be mistreated, unfairly Judged, disrespected and overlooked. He not only wrote a compelling argument but he delivered It on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. The same Abraham Lincoln that Hughes refers to in his poem. â€Å"l hea rd the singing of Mississippi when Abe Lincoln went down to New Orleans, and Eve seen its muddy blossom turn all gold in the sunset.Third Body Paragraph: Both of these incredibly successful Scholars helped to bring an end to the civil rights movement, passing new constitutional amendments. What I find so surprising is how they both made such an incredible impact with melodic forms of poetry according to the New York Times article written by: Machismo Skating â€Å"Dry. King pushed the text of his remarks to the side and began an extraordinary improvisation on the dream theme that would become one of the most recognizable refrains in the world. †Fourth Body Paragraph:With his Improvised riff, Dry. King took a leap Into history, Jumping from prose to poetry, from the podium to the pulpit. HIS voice arced Into an emotional crescendo as he turned from a sobering assessment of current social injustices to a radiant vision of hope -? of what America could be. Dry. King pushed the text of his remarks to the side and began an extraordinary improvisation on the dream theme that would become one of the most recognizable refrains in the world. †http://www. Anytime. Com/ 2013/08/28/us/the-lasting-power-of-dry-kings-dream-speech. HTML?
Thursday, November 7, 2019
Women In The 90S Essays - Gender Studies, The Brady Bunch
Women In The 90'S Essays - Gender Studies, The Brady Bunch Women In The 90'S Women in Television The role of women in television has had an impact important on humanity and on life in America. The image of women in situation comedies has changed. Women in our society have played many roles. During this period from the decades of the 1950s through the 1990s, women started getting their own jobs and got better schooling. The roles of women as portrayed in popular American television have changed from that of humiliating, degrading images to those of dignity and respect. In the series, the Brady Bunch, Carol Brady, cast as the role of the mother, is portrayed as a person who dedicates her entire life to her family. Her activities are family centered. It does not appear that she has employable skills, or that she would choose to go into the work world. She is not portrayed as a decision-maker but waits until her husband comes home to make decisions. Alice, A very strong maid who virtually makes decisions about running the household, supports her management of her home. A great emphasis is placed on Mrs. Bradys physical attractiveness. In contrast, the series Home Improvement has a mother who is strong and makes all the decisions of the household. Compared to Mrs. Bradys portrayal, the mother is a powerful and hard working mother and wife for both her boys and her husband. She portrays the major influence that working women have on American society today. The foci on women on television have changed since the 1950's, giving women more powerful images. Today, in the 1990's, women have shown that their standards are for excellence in both work and home. Educational background is more important than sex appeal. Indeed, the image of women portrayed in television since the 1950's has improved to one of dignity and respect.
Tuesday, November 5, 2019
How to pronounce Ma Ying-jeou (Ma Ying-jiu)
How to pronounce Ma Ying-jeou (Ma Ying-jiu) In this article, we will look at how to pronounce Ma Ying-jeou (traditional: é ¦ ¬Ã¨â€¹ ±Ã¤ ¹ , simplified: é © ¬Ã¨â€¹ ±Ã¤ ¹ ), which in Hanyu Pinyin would be MÇŽ YÄ «ng-jiÇâ€. Since most students use Hanyu Pinyin for pronunciation, I will henceforth use that. Ma Ying-jiu was president of Taiwan (Republic of China) from 2008 to 2016. Below, I will first give you a quick and dirty way if you just want to have a rough idea how to pronounce the name. Then I’ll go through a more detailed description, including analysis of common learner errors. Pronouncing Names in Chinese Pronouncing Chinese names correctly can be very hard if you havent studied the language. Ignoring or mispronouncing tones will just add to the confusion. These mistakes add up and often become so serious that a native speaker would fail to understand. Read more about how to pronounce Chinese names. How to Pronounce Ma Ying-jiu if Youve Never Studied Chinese Chinese names usually consist of three syllables, with the first being the family name and the last two the personal name. There are exceptions to this rule, but it holds true in a vast majority of cases. Thus, there are three syllables we need to deal with. Listen to the pronunciation here while reading the explanation. Repeat yourself! Ma - Pronounce as ma in markYing - Pronounce as Eng in EnglishJiu - Pronounce as Joe If you want want to have a go at the tones, they are low, high-flat and low (or dipping, see below). Note: This pronunciation is not correct pronunciation in Mandarin (though it is reasonably close). To really get it right, you need to learn some new sounds (see below). How to Actually Pronounce Ma Yingjiu If you study Mandarin, you should never ever rely on English approximations like those above. Those are meant for people who dont intend to learn the language! You have to understand the orthography, i.e. how the letters relate to the sounds. There are many traps and pitfalls in Pinyin you have to be familiar with. Now, lets look at the three syllables in more detail, including common learner errors: Ma (third tone) - You are probably familiar with this sound if youve studied Mandarin since its often used to demonstrate tones and is very common. The m is easy to get right, but the a is harder. In general, the a in mark is too far back, but the a in man is too far forward. Somewhere in between. It is a very open sound, too.Ying (first tone) - As you may have guessed already, this syllable was chosen to represent England and thereby English because they do sound quite similar. The i (which is spelt yi here) in Mandarin is pronounced with the tongue tip closer to the upper teeth than in English. Its as far up and forward ou can go, basically. It can almost sound like a soft j at times. The final can have an optional short schwa (as in English the). To get the right -ng, let your jaw drop and your tongue withdraw.Jiu (third tone) -This sound is tricky to get right. First, j is one of the hardest sounds to get right for native speakers of English. Its a voiceless unaspriated aff ricate, which means that there should be a soft t followed by a hissing sound. This should be pronounced in the same place as x, which means tongue tip touching the lower teeth ridge. iu is an abbreviation of iou. The i tends to overlap with the initial. The remaining part is somewhere in between jaw and joe, but note that the English j is quite different from Pinyin j.. The are some variations for these sounds, but Ma Ying-jiu (é © ¬Ã¨â€¹ ±Ã¤ ¹ ) can be written like this in IPA: ma jəŋ tÉ•ju Conclusion Now you know how to pronounce Ma Ying -jiu (é © ¬Ã¨â€¹ ±Ã¤ ¹ ). Did you find it hard? If you’re learning Mandarin, dont worry; there arent that many sounds. Once you’ve learnt the most common ones, learning to pronounce words (and names) will become much easier!
Sunday, November 3, 2019
ACID and Normalization Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
ACID and Normalization - Assignment Example Equally, Isolation states that the concurrent occurrence of multiple transactions should not impact each other’s transactions. Finally, Durability guarantees that any modifications to the database are not lost. Normalization is a method of reducing or removing data redundancies in the database. Four goals are attained after normalization. First, there is the reduction of the number of duplicated data in the database. Additionally, there is ordering of data into logical groupings in such a way that each and every group describes a small part of the complete data. Thirdly, there is the building of a database in which manipulation and access to data is rapid and proficient, while still maintaining the integrity of the stored data. Lastly, the data is organized such that one can edit and make changes in one part of the data without affecting other parts. In this exercise, normalization of the database up to the third normal form is achieved. In addition, there is an ERD (entity-relation diagram) and an Oracle database with execution of SQL statements using PHPMYADMIN. The disadvantages of normalization include difficulty and increased costs required to implement, and extra skill requirement to offer functional views and maintain the database. In addition, extra skills are needed to create OLAP
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